Nonionic ethylene oxide condensates yog qhov zoo dua li cov neeg ua dej ntub dej hauv qhov kev xav. Sodium bromite oxidises cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab sai heev rau hauv cov khoom alkali uas raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tom qab scouring. Tus nqi ntawm desizing nrog sodium bromite yog ceev heev. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov txheej txheem desizing nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sizing yuav raug tshem tawm. Feem ntau ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) thiab cov pos hniav ntuj, acrylic polymers thiab polyvinyl cawv, siv quav ciab lossis tus kheej emulsifying wax, siab lossis dej dispersible roj. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ntau tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm enzymes. Raws li txoj cai dav dav, nonionics tsis ua mob rau cov enzymes thaum anionics muaj cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv.
2. SCOURING THIAB BLEACHING ua haujlwm
Scowing ntawm paj rwb: Tom qab desizing, cov ntaub ntawv paj rwb yog raug rau cov txheej txheem hu ua scouring. Ntuj paj rwb muaj 80-85% cellulose thiab me me ntawm nitrogenous teeb meem, ntxhia teeb meem, pectates waxes thiab colouring teeb meem raws li impurities. Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav ntawm textile fabrics. Cov ntaub ntawv yog kho nrog alkali. Kiers, nruam scouring nroj tsuag zoo li J-Box lossis lwm lub tshuab xws li padroll yog siv rau lub hom phiaj no. Nyob rau hauv scouring sodium hydroxide yog lub ntsiab active ingredient thiab nws muaj nuj nqi yog saponify ib co ntawm impurities tam sim no nyob rau hauv paj rwb. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm caustic scour yog txhim kho los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm surfactant.
Cov khoom siv textile siv rau hauv scouring yuav tsum ruaj khov rau cov dej tawv, ruaj khov nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob, muaj zog wetting zoo thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm emulsifying lub impurities thiab tswj lawv nyob rau hauv lub dispersed lub xeev nyob rau hauv ntau yam kub thaum scouring thiab ntxuav. Alkyl derivatives ntawm naphthalene sulphonic acids, fatty cawv sulphates, fatty acid amides, phosphate esters thiab nonionic ethylene oxide condensates yog scouring auxiliaries.
Lub absorbency ntawm caustic boiled paj rwb yog zoo dua thaum nonionic octylphenol ethylene oxide condensate yog siv raws li surfactant piv rau fatty cawv sulphate los yog xab npum. Ib cov khoom nonionic nrog 12 units ntawm ethylene oxide tau pom los muab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Phosphate ester surfactants yog ib qho zoo scouring auxiliaries vim lawv zoo heev compatibility nrog alkali.
Los ntshav ntawm cov xim vim tsim cov leuco vat dye tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm cov oxidant me me xws li m-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid.
2.1 Scowing ntawm Wool
Raw wool, muaj roj, perspiration ntsev, av thiab zaub teeb meem raws li impurities. Lub scouring ntawm cov ntaub plaub tshem tawm cov impurities tuaj yeem ua los ntawm suint scouring, hnyav extraction, lossis emulsion scouring. Emulsion scouring yog txoj kev siv dav tshaj plaws. Cov tshuaj ntxhua khaub ncaws siv rau cov ntaub plaub muaj cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub plaub degreasing ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, stabilize cov emulsion ntawm cov ntaub plaub nrog dej, tshem tawm cov av zoo, tuav cov plua plav zoo hauv kev ncua thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub plaub.
Alkyl aryl sulphonates, alkyl sulphates, alkyl sulphonates thiab nonionic detergents yog siv nyob rau hauv wool scouring. Nonionic kuj muab ib tug mos kov rau scoured wool.
2.2 Carbonising
Raw wool muaj ntau ntau ntawm cov zaub txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm straws thiab burrs uas tsis raug tshem tawm los ntawm scouring. Wool yog raug rau carbonising tom qab scouring, tshem tawm lawv.
Cov ntaub plaub yog kho nrog dilute daws ntawm sulfuric acid thiab / lossis txhuas chloride, qhuav, ci thiab ntxuav. Alkyl naphthalene sulphonate, cationic thiab nonionic wetting agents yog siv los ua cov khoom ntub dej hauv carbonising. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ib qho surfactant kuj txo qis qhov poob ntawm tensile lub zog ntawm cov ntaub plaub kho.
3. MERCERISING
Mercerisation ntawm paj rwb khoom yog nqa tawm los txhim kho nws lub zog, luster thiab dye adsorption. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, cov khoom raug kho nrog 52-54 degree Tw sodium hydroxide, ncab thiab ntxuav. Ib qho xwm txheej tsim nyog rau kev ua tiav mercerisation yog kev ntub dej sai thiab sib xws ntawm paj rwb los ntawm sodium hydroxide. Lub mercerizing auxiliary muaj kev ruaj ntseg nyob rau hauv concentrated alkali thiab zoo wetting zog thiab yog yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm cov ntaub los ntawm ib tug yooj yim ntxuav kev kho mob. Phenolic tebchaw xws li cresylic acid tsim lub hauv paus ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov lag luam npaj.
Cov neeg ua dej ntub dej ib txwm siv rau hauv scouring yog qhov tsis tsim nyog raws li cov neeg ua dej ntub dej hauv cov dej cawv mercerising thiab cov tshuaj ntub dej tshwj xeeb uas siv tau raws li cov xwm txheej no tau tsim. Feem ntau, muaj ob hom-cresylic thiab non-cresylic hom mercerizing wetting agents siv rau hauv mercerising cawv.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm ortho-, meta-, thiab para-cresols (cresylic acids), tsis soluble hauv dej tab sis yaj hauv cov dej qab ntsev muaj zog. Cov no tau pom tias yog cov khoom ntub dej ruaj khov hauv cov tshuaj no. Lawv lub zog ntub dej tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua los ntawm kev sib xyaw qee yam ntxiv xws li ethyl cawv, polyhydric cawv uas muaj C18 saw, butanol, 2-ethyl hexanol, polyethylene glycol thiab lwm yam. Qee qhov no tsis yog miscible nrog dej, tab sis yaj hauv caustic soda daws.
Ib yam khoom, tau los ntawm distillation ntawm ntoo thuv roj raws li ib feem ntawm turpentine thiab rosin, muaj zoo heev wetting, nkag mus thiab emulsifying zog. Nws yog dispersible nyob rau hauv mercerising cawv thiab txhim kho lawv lub zog nkag mus rau muab mercerised paj rwb muaj ntau txawm dyeing zog. Cov feem no yuav siv tau ua ke nrog cresols, uas pab cov dispersion ntawm Pine roj distillate.
Cresylic wetting agents muaj zog phenolic tsw thiab paub cov kua xim. Noncresylic wetting agents suav nrog sulphated qis aliphatic cawv xws li hexyl lossis cawv. Cov mercerising wetting agents no tsis muaj phenolic tsw thiab ua npuas ncauj tsawg. Piononic acid li mercerising auxiliary yog zoo li tus neeg sawv cev ntub dej yog cresylic acid. Mercerizing auxiliaries raws li kev hloov pauv diethylene glycol sodium sulphates ua ke nrog cov cawv uas tsis muaj dej txaus thiab cov tshuaj txhawb nqa ntawm cellosolve hom yog ib qho zoo mercerising wetting agent.
Cov tshuaj ntub dej tshwj xeeb tsim nyog rau kev ntxiv rau mercerising cawv uas yog cov tshuaj sulfoxide xws li n-octyl-bid-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-sulphonium sulphate, n-octyl-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-sulphoxides, n-nonyl-(betahydroxyethyl)- sulphoxides thiab n-hexyldiethyl-sulphoxonium chloride.
4. DYEING
Dyeing yog tsim cov ntaub xim. Muaj ntau yam dyestuffs muaj thiab txhua chav kawm ntawm dyes muaj ntau txoj kev siv.Chemicals (auxiliaries) yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem tuag kom tau txais cov txheej txheem dyeing txaus siab. Cov auxiliaries siv hauv dyeing yog:
1. Cov dej ntub dej thiab nkag mus
2. Dispersing tus neeg sawv cev
3. Leveling agents
4. Tus neeg saib xyuas
5. Antifoaming cov neeg ua haujlwm
6. Accelerators
7. Migration inhibitor
8. Dye fixing agents
9. Tom qab ntxuav cov neeg ua haujlwm
10. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob
4.1 Cov neeg ua dej ntub dej
Muaj cov surfactants ntxiv rau cov dye da dej kom ntseeg tau tias kev nkag mus ntawm cov dej cawv rau hauv cov xov paj thiab cov ntaub. Sulphated fatty cawv, sulphate roj thiab anionic surfactants zoo li sulfonic acids yog siv.
4.2 Dispersing agents
Dispersing agents kuj yog surfactants siv rau uniform dye dispersion. Cov no tshwj xeeb yog siv rau hauv disperse thiab vat dyes. Sulphated fatty cawv, alkyl aryl sulphonates, sulfated fatty acid amides yog siv.
4.3 Leveling agents
Leveling agents yog ntxiv rau hauv dye da dej kom uniformly dye cov xov paj los yog fabrics. Ib qho ionic surfactants zoo li alkyl aryl sulphonates, fatty cawv sulphates, fatty amide sulphonates yog siv. Tsis yog ionic surfactants yog siv rau dyes ncaj qha, cationic surfactants thiab non ionic surfactants yog siv nyob rau hauv vat dyeing.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm dyeing ntawm acrylics, retarding agents xws li cationic thiab anionic surfactants yog siv raws li retarders. Tsis yog ionic surfactants yog siv nyob rau hauv polyester / blends dyeing raws li tus neeg sawv cev theem.
4.4 Sequestering agents
Sequestering cov neeg ua haujlwm yog cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov hlau hnyav thiab tsis pub cov hlau hnyav no ua rau muaj fiber ntau lossis dyes. EDTA, NTA yog cov neeg sawv cev sequestering.
4.5 Antifoaming agents
Antifoaming agents yog siv nyob rau hauv dye da dej los tiv thaiv foaming ntawm da dej uas cuam tshuam rau dyeing adversely. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog silicone polymers xws li dimethyl polysiloxane nrog viscosity ntawm 100-500 centiposie ntawm 25 degree . Polyamino alkyl substituted hydrocarbons yog raws li organo poly siloxanes kuj siv los ua cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo.
4.6 Cov
Cov neeg nqa khoom yog siv rau hauv dyeing ntawm hluavtaws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog polyesters nrog disperse dyes. Nws imbibes sib sib zog nqus ntxoov ntxoo ntawm polyester thiab blended fabrics. O phenyl phenol, monochloro o phenyl phenol, p phenyl phenol, diphenyl, mono methyl naphthalene, trichloro benzene, dimethyl pterephthalate, methyl salicylate thiab lwm yam yog cov nqa khoom zoo.
4.7 Migration inhibitor
Migration inhibitor cuam tshuam cov dyeing ntawm cov ntaub los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm cov xim molecules nrog rau cawv thaum lub sijhawm ziab. Sodium alginate uas tsis yog ionic polyelectrolyests, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethoxylated thiab propoxylated guar cov pos hniav yog zoo migration inhibitors.
4.8 Dye fixing agents
Dye fixing agents kho cov xim ntawm cov xov paj thiab ntaub nyob rau hauv ib tug mus tas li zam, thiaj li hais tias lawv fastness zog yog manifested zoo. Feem ntau cationic surfactants yog siv los ua dye fixing agents.
4.9 Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Stripping agents yog siv rau dye tshem tawm ntawm phem dyed ntaub uas ua los ntawm faulty dyeing. Quartery ammonium compound nrog ntev saw alkyl zoo. Poly vinyl pyrrolidone raws li tus neeg sawv cev yog siv rau stripping vat, sulfur thiab ncaj dyes.
Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tshem tawm azoic dyes. Cov no feem ntau siv tau thaum muaj oxidizing lossis txo cov neeg ua haujlwm. Nonionic surfactants nrog caustic soda thiab hydrosulphite yog tsim muaj txiaj ntsig.
Sulphoxylate ntawm formaldehyde, polyvinyl pyrrolidone nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm acetic strips disperse dyses los ntawm nylon. 1-20% diphenyl nrog 3- 5% zinc sulphoxylate thiab 5% acetic acid ntawm kub kub strips xim los ntawm polyester.
5 Pab hauv kev luam ntawv
Kev luam ntawv yog txheej txheem los kho cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov xim thiab xim motif. Textile printing tej zaum yuav raug suav hais tias yog ib txoj kev dyeing tshwj xeeb. Nws yog kev tswj xyuas daim ntawv thov dyes thiab pigments rau qhov chaw raws nraim ntawm cov ntaub tawm hauv cov ntaub so ntawm cov ntaub tseem ceeb tsis cuam tshuam. Muaj peb txoj kev loj ntawm kev luam ntawv viz. luam ntawv ncaj qha, tiv thaiv luam ntawv thiab tso tawm luam ntawv. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev luam ntawv ncaj qha muab tshuaj txhuam ntawm cov dyes thiab cov tshuaj auxiliary yog tsau ncaj qha rau ntawm cov ntaub los ntawm cov qauv thaiv los yog silk screen. Hauv kev luam tawm tus neeg saib xyuas kev txo qis yog siv los rhuav tshem cov oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev ntawm thaj chaw luam ntawv uas xav tau los tsim cov xim tshwj xeeb (vat dye) lossis cov kua qaub yog siv los rhuav tshem cov alkali xav tau rau kev txhim kho thiab kho cov xim. Hauv kev tso tawm luam ntawv ruaj khov txo cov neeg ua haujlwm yog siv los tso cov xim ntawm cov ntaub. Vat dyes, pigments, yooj yim dyes, yog siv rau kev luam tawm.
Cov auxiliaries siv rau kev luam ntawv ntawm textiles yog thickeners, wetting agents, dispersing agents, antifoaming agents, hygroscopic agents, txo thiab oxidizing agents, binders, tom qab ntxuav cov neeg ua hauj lwm thiab lwm yam auxiliaries.
5.1 Thickeners
Cov tshuaj no ua lub tsheb thauj cov dyes rau ntawm daim ntaub. Kev tiv thaiv cov xim sib kis ntawm cov ntaub tshaj li qhov xav tau, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, cov pos hniav zoo li cov taum taum, senegal, arabic, karaya, guar taum feem ntau yog siv. Hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab zoo li British pos hniav dextrin, sodium alginate, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose kuj tau siv nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Kerosene, dej emulsions uas tsis yog ionic surfactants kuj tseem siv.
5.2 Cov neeg ua dej ntub dej
Cov no feem ntau yog ntau yam surfactants sib xws nrog lwm cov koom haum siv rau kev luam ntawv tshwj xeeb. Cov no twb tau tham ua ntej lawm.
Dispersing agents
Dispersing agents siv yog diethylene glycol, thio diglycol, sodium benzyl sulphanilate, nonionic surfactants yog siv los tiv thaiv agglomeration ntawm dye hais.
5.3 Antifoaming agents
Antifoaming cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li siv rau da dej dye. Lawv feem ntau yog siloxane. Hygroscopic agents siv yog glycerine, diethylene glycol thiab lwm yam.
5.4 Oxidising thiab txo cov neeg ua haujlwm
Oxidising thiab txo cov neeg ua haujlwm yog sodium chlorate, chromate, dichromate, nitrate, ferrocyanide hydrosulphite, bisulphite, qabzib thiab stannous thiab ferrous ntsev.
5.5 Cov kab mob
Cov neeg nqa khoom yog tib yam tshuaj siv rau dyeing nrog disperse dyes thiab twb tau tham ua ntej lawm.
5.6 Cov ntaub ntawv
Binders yog siv nyob rau hauv pigment printing. Nws tsim ib zaj duab xis ntawm qhov luam tawm. Cov zaj duab xis yuav tsum tsis muaj xim, meej, muaj kev tiv thaiv siab rau kev ntxuav cov kua thiab tshuaj, yuav tsum muaj adhesion zoo nrog cov ntaub thiab yuav tsum muaj kev puas tsuaj zoo.
Feem ntau ntawm cov hluavtaws cob raws li binders yog siv. Lawv yog vinyls, acrylics, melamine formaldehyde, UF precondensates, chlorinated rubbers thiab lwm yam SBR, acrylonitrile, butadiene raws li binders kuj siv.
5.7 Tom qab ntxuav
Tom qab ntxuav tshem cov thickeners thiab coj tawm qhov tseeb ntxoov ntxoo, feem ntau yog siv cov detergents me rau tom qab ntxuav.
6 Kev ua tiav ntawm textiles
Cov auxiliaries siv hauv kev ua tiav tuaj yeem faib dav raws li hauv qab no:
1. Cov neeg ua kom tawv nqaij
2. Cov xovxwm ntev / crease kuj ua haujlwm
3. Optical brighteners
4. Cov tshuaj tsw qab
5. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej
6. nplaim retardants
7. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
8. Cov tshuaj tso tawm av
9. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob
6.1 Optical brightening agents
Txhua hom textile fibers, ntuj lossis hluavtaws, tsis zoo li dawb, tab sis pom cov xim daj vim tias muaj qee yam xim tsis huv uas nqus tau qee qhov teeb meem teeb meem hauv xiav kawg ntawm lub spectrum. Peb txoj kev muaj los tshem tawm cov xim daj. Thawj qhov yog kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov xim xim los ntawm cov tshuaj bleaching. Txoj kev no yog siv los tshem tawm feem ntau ntawm cov xim tsis huv los ntawm cov fiber ntau tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho cov xim daj me ntsis yam tsis muaj degradation ntawm fiber nws tus kheej. Txoj kev thib ob yog kev siv cov tshuaj pleev xim rau ntawm cov ntaub bleached. Cov neeg ua haujlwm no kho cov xim daj ntawm cov ntaub los ntawm kev nqus cov xim daj ntawm cov ntaub los ntawm kev nqus cov teeb daj los ntawm cov xim xiav xim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yellowish dawb ntaub kis ib tug greyish dawb tsos. Txoj kev thib peb uas yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws niaj hnub no suav nrog kev siv optical brighteners lossis fluorescent brighteners. Optical brightening agents yog rau feem ntau zoo ib yam li dyes, thiab muaj affinity rau fiber. Lawv muaj cov fluorescent chromophores es tsis txhob xim chromophores, thiab ua rau cov ntaub dawb dawb tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub zog thiab lwm yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig.
Fluorescent brighteners, tseem hu ua fluorescent whitening agents, fluorescent dyes thiab optical brighteners, yog hom tshwj xeeb ntawm fluorescent organic compounds uas yog siv los txhim kho cov xim zoo nkauj lossis ci ci ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv xws li ntuj fibers, hluavtaws fibers, textiles, polymers, ntawv. thiab pleev xim. Feem ntau, cov molecules no muaj peev xwm nqus tau hluav taws xob ntawm luv yoj ntev thiab lub zog siab, feem ntau pom tsis tau rau tib neeg lub qhov muag thiab emitting cov hluav taws xob ntev wavelength, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub teeb pom kev.
6.2 Softeners
Tag nrho cov fibers ntuj yog txuam nrog qee cov roj, fatty lossis waxy tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev nyoos. Cov tshuaj no muab qhov muag muag rau cov fiber. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm scouring thiab bleaching cov khoom, cov waxy tshuaj raug tshem tawm thiab cov khoom yuav hnyav. Tej yam xim teeb meem ntawm qhov ntau dua, nrog rau cov khoom tiav xws li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, suav av nplaum, thiab lwm yam, kuj tseem cuam tshuam qhov tsis zoo rau daim ntaub. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv qee tus neeg sawv cev softening rau cov ntaub ntawv kom muab softness, smoothness, fullness, suppleness thiab yooj. Txawm hais tias, ntau pua ntawm kev npaj muaj rau softening textile cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog noteworthy tias feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj no yog raws li ntev saw fatty compounds nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv los yog lwm yam. Cov softeners yog tsib hom-
1. Anionic softeners
2. Nonionic softeners
3. Cationic softeners
4. Reactive softeners
5. Emulsion softeners
6.2.1 Nonionic softeners
Nyob rau hauv pawg no, ethylene oxide condensates nrog stearyl cawv thiab stearic acid yog nrov heev. Nonionic fatty amide hom khoom kuj qee zaum siv. Cov softeners no yog characterized los ntawm lawv zoo heev stability tiv thaiv yellowing thiab zoo kam rau ua ntawm catalysts siv nyob rau hauv resin xov. Feem ntau, lawv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm dyestuffs. Txawm li cas los xij, nonionics kuj tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb rau cov fibers thiab tsis nrawm rau kev ntxuav.
6.2.2 Cationic softeners
Cationic softeners yog ib pab pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov softeners nrov. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb rau cellulosic fibers thiab yog li ntawd cov ntaub ntawv kho mob tseem mos rau ob peb ntxuav. Cov softeners no muab ib txhais tes puv thiab zoo li silk rau daim ntaub. Lawv muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo nyob rau hauv cov khoom ua tiav da dej. Tab sis qhov teeb meem loj nrog lawv yog yellowing ntawm dawb. Li no, kev kho mob yog ua tib zoo.
6.2.3 Reactive softeners
Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txhim kho lub durability ntawm cov mos tiav, reactive softeners yog tsim. Cov softeners no yuav hnov mob tshuaj nrog hydroxyl pawg ntawm cellulose nyob rau hauv cov kev mob tsim nyog. Cov softeners no muaj ib pab pawg reactive txuas mus rau ib tug ntev saw lubricating los yog softening pab pawg neeg. "Velan PF" lossis "Zelan" yog stearyl amido methyl pyridinium chloride. Nws yog siv rau cov ntaub hauv aqueous tov, feem ntau buffered nrog sodium acetate. Cov ntaub yog qhuav thiab ci ntawm 120- 150ºC rau ob peb feeb. Thaum lub sij hawm no ci lub softener reacts chemically nrog cellulose muab tawm pyridine. Cov softener yog kim, tshuaj lom thiab yellows cov ntaub kho mob ntawm curing.
6.2.4 Emulsion softeners
Cov emulsion softeners tau txais koob meej los ntawm kev tsim txiaj ntawm lawv lub peev xwm los txo qhov poob hauv lub zog tsim kua muag lossis ua kom tiav. Cov no yog npaj los ntawm polymerization ntawm cov monomer uas tau emulsified nyob rau hauv ib theem dej. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm pawg no yog polyethylene emulsion, polyester emulsion thiab lwm yam. Cov emulsion softeners muab zoo tag nrho tes nrog txaus ceev ceev rau ntxuav.
6.2.5 Silicone softeners
Hauv ob peb xyoos dhau los, kev siv silicone emulsions li softeners tau nce ntau heev. Cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb silicone polymers muaj cov pob txha ntawm silicone thiab oxygen nrog cov organic hloov pauv ntawm silicon atoms. Txij li thaum silicon yog tetravalent, ob qhov chaw muaj nyob rau ntawm txhua tus tswv cuab ntawm silicon ntawm cov saw hlau siloxane, thaum ob qhov chaw tau hloov nrog cov organic pawg ua cov kua dej polymer. Network polymers lossis resins tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev xaiv cov ceg ntoo raws li cov saw hlau siloxane nrog cov siloxane txuas ntxiv
7 Cov ntsiab lus
Textile auxiliaries ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv textile chemical processing thiab finishing. Nws txhim kho, qhib cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov haujlwm thiab qee zaum nws muab kev ua haujlwm, kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab. Kev xaiv ntawm pab pawg yuav tsum tau ua nrog ntau yam kev saib xyuas kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau.
