Cov ntaub plaub nyoos muaj ntau cov impurities xws li cov xuab zeb, nyom, ntxhia, xuab zeb, zis thiab alkali, thiab lanolin. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem wool, txheej txheem thib ob yog kev ntxuav cov ntaub plaub. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ntxuav yog tshem tawm impurities xws li sediment, tshem tawm lanolin, thiab ua kom lub ntsej muag dawb ntawm cov ntaub plaub. Yog li ntawd, kev xaiv cov tshuaj ntxuav tes yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb. Kev ntxuav tsis huv yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua cov ntaub plaub, spinning, weaving thiab dyeing. Cov impurities no raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev ntxuav cov ntaub plaub, thiab cov ntaub plaub uas xoob thiab dawb tuaj yeem tau txais ua ntej weaving. Cov tshuaj ntxuav cov ntaub plaub tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab nrab, alkaline scouring agents thiab acidic scouring agents raws li qib acidity thiab alkalinity.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav cov ntaub plaub
1. Tsis muaj tshuaj zawv plaub hau
Cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau nruab nrab suav nrog anionic surfactants thiab nonionic surfactants.
Ntawm cov anionic surfactants, sodium alkyl sulfonate los yog sodium p-methoxy fatty amine benzene sulfonate muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntxuav cov nyhuv. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov nyhuv ntxuav, cov neeg sib koom ua ke xws li sodium oxide, sodium sulfate thiab sodium polymetaphosphate kuj tuaj yeem ntxiv.
Cov tshuaj pleev nruab nrab ntawm cov tsis-ionic surfactant muaj cov tshuaj ntxuav tes zoo, thiab cov tshuaj txhuam hniav zoo li no tsis nqus los ntawm cov ntaub plaub, thiab cov tshuaj ntxuav tes tsawg dua. Tsis yog-ionic surfactants xws li nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether yog feem ntau siv tam sim no.
2. Alkaline tshuaj zawv plaub hau
Cov ntaub plaub yog ntxuav hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce nrog tus nqi pH ntawm 8.5 ~ 9.5, thiab nws cov spinnability, antistatic khoom thiab dej nqus yog txhua yam zoo. Feem ntau siv cov tshuaj ntxuav plaub hau alkaline suav nrog sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, xab npum R5, thiab lwm yam anionic surfactants ntxiv rau dej qab zib tshauv. Vim cov ntaub plaub yog rhiab heev rau alkali, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj thiab tswj tus nqi pH, ntxuav cov kua kub thiab cov ntaub plaub kom qhuav kub thaum ntxhua khaub ncaws kom tsis txhob muaj fiber ntau. Raws li cov tshuaj sib txawv siv, nws tau muab faib ua peb hom: xab npum-alkali scouring, lub teeb-alkali scouring, thiab ammonium-alkali scouring.
3. Tshuaj zawv plaub hau
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kua qaub scouring tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov alkaline cuam tshuam ntawm alkaline lub ntiaj teb impurities, tiv thaiv cov qub elasticity thiab lub zog ntawm cov ntaub plaub fiber ntau, thiab txo qis qis. Ntxiv cov surfactant rau cov kua qaub tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj pleev plhu rau hauv cov fiber ntau sai, txhim kho cov nyhuv ntub dej thiab emulsification; nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov fiber ntau puffy thiab txhim kho cov uniformity ntawm qhib lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub nplai txheej, kom cov ntaub plaub yog yooj yim los ntxuav thiab muaj ib tug zoo luster. Nonionic surfactants xws li polyoxyethylene lauryl ether thiab anionic surfactants xws li sodium alkylsulfonate thiab sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate tuaj yeem siv ua cov tshuaj ntxuav plaub hau acidic.
